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CHICAGO - Heart attacks and strokes tend to surge during the last two weeks of December, and it’s important to be aware of the risks, according to one Northwestern Medicine cardiologist.
Studies show that more cardiac deaths occur on Dec. 25 specifically than any other day in the U.S., followed by Dec. 26 and Jan. 1, according to a news release from Northwestern University.
"Cold temperatures cause blood vessels to constrict, which raises blood pressure and makes the heart work harder to pump blood," said Dr. Patricia Vassallo, associate professor of cardiology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.
Vassallo added, "At the same time, stress around the holidays and disrupted routines — like less sleep, more alcohol and skipped medications — add to the strain. Overexertion from winter chores like shoveling heavy snow can further increase the risk, especially in people with existing heart conditions."
Still, there are ways to help reduce the risk of cardiac events during the holidays, Vassallo said.
Tips to stay safe
- Dress for the weather. Wear layers, especially hats, gloves and heavy socks.
- Come inside often. Give yourself breaks to warm up if you’re spending time outside in the cold.
- Avoid excess alcohol. Alcohol can make you feel warmer than you really are, which can be particularly dangerous when you’re outside in the cold.
- Do not shovel for long periods. Ask your doctor if it’s safe for you to shovel at all.
- Wash your hands frequently. Respiratory infections can increase the risk of heart attack.
- Get help. If you have new symptoms of a heart condition, don’t wait to get help, even if it’s a holiday.
Know the symptoms
Severe chest pain is the most common warning sign of heart attacks, other symptoms include:
- Nausea or vomiting
- Dizziness
- Shortness of breath
- Pain, numbness or tingling in your jaw, back, neck or shoulders
- Cold sweat
- Sensation of heartburn
- Sudden fatigue
In the event of a stroke, Vassallo said to follow the mnemonic device FAST, which stands for:
- Face drooping
- Arm or leg weakness on one side
- Speech difficulty
- Time to call 911
For anyone who experiences any of these symptoms in a severe or sudden manner, Vassallo said they should head to the emergency room right away.